Chapter 985 Bookish


    If at this time, Pingyang County has the kind of reporter of later generations, carrying a camera, going to the streets of Pingyang, and then stabbing a black, long, hard thing into the mouth of a random gentry, "Are you happy?"


    By the way, don''t look for the ragged ones.


    Most of these gentry children will answer fans of happiness, not because of economic things, but because there are books, there are a lot of books to read...


    Cai''s collection of books must be a boutique!


    If in Pingyang, Xidenglou is the place where the appetite can be most satisfied, then the Pingyang Bookstore on Pingyang East Street is a paradise where the thirst for knowledge can be satisfied.


    The sun today is pretty good. It is neither hot nor dim when it falls. It makes people feel warm but not hot.


    Pingyang East Street is close to the bookstore, and the shops are row upon row. However, unlike other places, there are constant pedestrians and horses, but the closer to the bookstore, the quieter it is. Occasionally, one or two pedestrians will be louder. He will immediately be despised by everyone.


    The Pingyang Bookstore has been expanded again and again. The two adjacent stores were also bought together, and then opened up to become one. In addition to the tall bookshelves, there are more long and orderly arranged bookshelves in the bookstore. There are cases for anyone to sit down and read a book.


    There used to be some glamorous gentry children who disliked some crop children or poor students, saying that these people came to read books, which simply tarnished the fragrance of scriptures and books. There is no other better argument to refute.


    It''s just that these crop children, or students from poor families, have consciously formed two areas. The children from poor families are mainly concentrated in the long desk on the left side of the store, borrowing and copying books, quietly, even if there is one or two exchanges. , are also soft-spoken.


    On the stone bar outside the bookstore, there is a row of good farmers, wearing patched kudzu clothes that have been washed cleanly, perhaps the most decent clothes in their family, carefully washing in the stone basin outside the store. After cleaning their hands, they didn''t dare to dry the water stains on their bodies. They just raised their arms one by one, spread their fingers, and let them dry in the air. A single sheet of paper, and then at the stone strip, there is no pen and ink, just use your fingers to slowly copy word by word on the stone strip...


    On the right side of the bookstore facing the street, there is a separate small table, surrounded by a curtain of cattail grass, and a cattail mat is spread in front of the desk. Every day at noon, some old people will sit After the table case, use the sand table to say a sentence or two of "Cai''s Thousand-Character Essay", then randomly select a few good people, answer some words that they memorized, but they don''t know how to read and what they mean, and then leave.


    Although these old people don''t stop their cultivation, and they don''t necessarily have much patience when teaching, some leave after a few words, and some teach a few more, each is different, but here at Liangjiazi, there is an extra similarity The title of "Character Master".


    Chinese characters have had a unique charm since ancient times. This charm is unmatched by any other characters. As one of the oldest characters, it has changed from graphics to strokes, pictograms to symbols, and complexity to simplicity. Chinese characters usually represent a word or a morpheme in Chinese, which forms the characteristic of unity of sound, shape and meaning.


    From the pre-Qin period to the present, due to the extensive use of brushes, from carving knives to brush and ink, it has now completely evolved from Xiaozhuan script to Han Li, and this form of font has become the basic form of the subsequent millennium. The thickness and size of the strokes vary slightly, but the structure of the fonts is the same.


    Bingzhou was undeveloped in Feiqian. Before the school was established in Pingyang, there was no school or school in Bingzhou for more than 20 years.


    After Guo Tai, there is no successor.


    Whether the nobles or poor families in the land of Bingzhou want to acquire knowledge and study further, they can only travel thousands of miles to the Taixue in Luoyang to study.


    As for the children of the gentry in Bingzhou, there are really not many who can afford such a local tyrant to study abroad. Even if it is a big family, often only one or two people can enjoy this kind of treatment.


    Although there was no imperial examination in the Han Dynasty, a little embryonic form had already appeared.


    In ancient times, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period, the son of the emperor was the emperor, the son of the minister was the minister, the son of the official was the official, and the son of the common people was the commoner. To be an official is not based on ability, but on the bloodline.


    After the pre-Qin unified the six kingdoms, the original old aristocratic system was completely broken. At a loss in the early stage, Liu Bang took over the baton of this cultural system, but it was not formed until the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. A relatively stereotyped talent selection system has been established.


    In the early Han Dynasty, from the imperial court to the local government, basically all officials, large and small, were selected from among the nephews and nephews of officials with two thousand shi. Inside,


    However, with the subsequent evolution, officials must be educated, which has become the default rule of the new society.


    Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up Taixue to teach the Six Classics, and then the students who passed the assessment and graduated were divided into two classes, called "ke". The reserve officers of the Ministry of Education, while the second-class students of the B Department became "officials" and were repatriated to fill local vacancies.


    The measures of "buying Lang" and "buying officials" formulated by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made the original officials include many family members who were not two thousand stone officials, and even some wise people from the people, so that the official positions of the imperial court were completely relinquished. Liberated from the cycle of blood.


    In addition to the Taixue background, there is also Ju Xiaolian.


    It''s just that this model of promoting filial piety and honesty is a bit formal at the beginning.


    At first the local government of the Han Dynasty didn''t care about this matter, and the candidates were not enthusiastic. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was not very happy, so he summoned the Sangong Jiuqing in one day, and then said that as a local governor, he not only needs to manage the local area for the court , also need to be responsible for selecting talents for the imperial court. In a huge area, it is impossible to find a filial son or an honest official within a year. Does this show how bad this place is, or how bad it is?


    So Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty asked the Sangong Jiuqing to discuss how to punish if there is no local governor who can recommend Xiaolian...


    Subsequently, a custom was formed. No matter what, the local counties would select some Xiaolians to report to the central government every year, and then they would either be awarded "Lang" or enter Taixue to continue their studies.


    Under such measures, it has continued until now. It can be said that the entire structure of officials in the Han Dynasty has been separated from the blood system of the ancient Spring and Autumn Period. Taxi system…


    So once the Shoushan Academy was opened, all the gentry from the land of Bingzhou, whether they were nobles or wealthy families, gathered here, forming a prosperous cultural atmosphere in Pingyang, thus promoting the development of the entire knowledge industry.


    Near the Shoushan Academy, although Feiqian ordered that no inns, restaurants and other facilities be allowed to open, the main reason is to keep the academy clean, but with the gradual increase of students, there are gradually more and more cultural events held. , so among the mountains and fields, there are gradually more small pavilions.


    Some of these pavilions are simple, and some are exquisitely crafted, but no matter what kind they are, they have become a frequent gathering place for the students who guard the mountain. They spread mats, and then enjoy the beautiful scenery of the mountains and rivers. Nostalgia for the past and nostalgia for the present, and debate and discuss with each other on cultural cognition.


    At the foot of Xuegong Mountain, there is an endless field. Perhaps most people in later generations will not find this situation particularly attractive, and even many people will think that the field is full of soil and mud, which is not very attractive, but in At present, such a field represents the hope of a good harvest. Whether it is the children of the gentry or the common people, seeing such a situation, they can''t help but smile.


    Nowadays, the cultivated fields in Pingyang area have been largely developed. At this moment, it is the season for crops to grow. It seems that they are growing all the time. The seedlings of dark green and light green are in the field, like bedding. A thick green carpet has been laid, showing vitality.


    Compared with the students of the Academy, Fei Qian may pay more attention to things. Standing on the head of Pingyang City, Fei Qian looked at the prosperous scene of a field, and also praised Zao Zhi''s dedication on this land.


    Zaoyi neither said too humble words nor showed any proud expression, just smiled slightly, pondered for a while, although hesitant, he still said: "Your Majesty, I have been busy in the fields and in the palace during this time. Over there, there are somewhat incomplete care... I heard that in the academy, the dispute between the present and the past is quite fierce..."


    This matter originally had nothing to do with Zaozhi.


    After all, Zaoyi is mainly in charge of farming and mulberry. On the other side of the academy, Cai Yong is in charge, and Linghu Shao is also in charge of the daily routine. It is not Zaoyi''s turn to intervene, but the disputes in the academy were quite fierce a while ago. As a friendship that also came from under the Jingxiang Lu Mountain, Zaozhi felt that it was necessary to remind Feiqian.


    Feiqian nodded, and said in a low voice: "The dispute between the present and the past, hehe, the dispute between the present and the past..."


    Confucianism had already diverged in the early years of the Han Dynasty. Dong Zhongshu’s Confucianism was not orthodox Confucianism, but integrated Taoism, Legalism, Mohism, and even Yin-Yang School at that time. By the end of the Han Dynasty, Jinwen Jingxue and Guwen Jingxue , Orthodox Confucianism, New Confucianism and other schools.


    The most important of these is the dispute between Jinwen Confucianism and Ancient Chinese Confucianism.


    In fact, scholars of Jinwenjing and scholars of Guwenjing read almost the same books. Many scholars of Jinwenjing have read books on Guwenjing, and scholars of Guwenjing have basically read books on Jinwenjing. Literature and classics is an official study, and it was a helpless move in the early Han Dynasty. After all, there were really not many scriptures left by the pre-Qin period.


    Therefore, logically speaking, both Jinwen Confucianism and Ancient Chinese Confucianism should not compete for the blushing, but the actual situation is even worse. Even Feiqian''s Shoushan Academy, with the increase in personnel and the gap between students The inheritance between the two is different from the beginning, and the understanding of the scriptures has gradually been affected, and disputes are inevitable.


    Especially under the impetus of Fei Qian, the discussions in the Minglun Hall further fueled this dispute, and there were endless debates about which core theory to adopt is the orthodoxy of Confucianism.


    But since Zaozhi mentioned this matter, there must be a reason, so Fei Qian turned his head to look at Zaozhi, and said: "What worries does Zijing have, but it''s okay to talk about it."


    "...Zhao Shang, Zhao Zixie," Zaozhi pondered for a while, then said, "...I don''t know what kind of impression you have of this person?"


    "Zhao Shang Zhao Zixie?" Fei Qian raised his head, thought about it for a while, and then said, "Ming Lun Palace debates first?"


    Zaozhi nodded, and said: "Speaking of which, this person is also very powerful, and has won the first place in the palace debate many times... But, Junhou, do you know this person''s background?"


    Feiqian shook his head. During this period of time, he has been fighting in Guanzhong, so the information on this piece of information will inevitably be put in a secondary position.


    "This person is Zheng Kangcheng''s disciple!" Zaozhi said.


    who?


    Zheng Xuan Zheng Kangcheng?


    This guy is quite famous...


    When Zheng Xuan was young, he went to Taixue and learned "Jingshiyi", "Gongyang Chunqiu", "Santongli", "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic", and also learned "Guwen Shangshu", "Zhouli" and "Zhouli" from Zhang Gongzu. "Zuo Zhuan", etc., and finally learned ancient Chinese classics from Ma Rongchu, it is not an exaggeration to say that he is a well-learned person.


    After learning from Ma Rong and returning to his hometown, Zheng Xuan was already in his forties. At this time, he knew everything from a hundred schools of thought, so hundreds of thousands of people from far and near turned to him, worshiped him as a teacher, and listened to his lectures. At the peak of his prosperity, there were thousands of disciples, and he was respected as the great Confucian of the world, and his reputation was second to none.


    Zheng Xuan should be in his sixties or seventies now...


    Probably, Fei Qian didn’t remember very clearly.


    However, Zheng Xuan''s academic success was unfortunate in his official career. In the first year of Jianning, the imperial court ordered all states and counties to investigate the party members. All "party members" and their disciples, former officials, fathers and sons, and brothers who are currently in official positions will be removed from their posts and imprisoned. Zheng Xuan was once an old official of Du Mi. Because of his appreciation and support, he was also regarded as a party member. In the fourth year of Jianning Yu and more than forty people including Sun Song from the same county were imprisoned, and the road to official career was immediately cut off.


    After being imprisoned by the party, the students who worshiped under Zheng Xuan''s name dispersed one after another, leaving only a few people. After all, in most people''s minds, studying is tantamount to seeking an official, and Zheng Xuan''s being imprisoned by the party means that his disciples are together. His official career was cut off, so it is normal for the tree to fall and the monkeys to scatter, leaving only a few disciples.


    And Zhao Shang is one of them...


    Now, if Zheng Xuan remembers correctly, he should be in the Jizhou area. Although it is not as far away as one hundred and eight thousand miles from Bingbei, it is still a considerable distance compared to the means of transportation in the Han Dynasty. Then What is the purpose of Zheng Xuan''s disciples coming here all the way?


    (end of this chapter)