Chapter 2011 Small Peasant Economy, No Breaking No Standing


    Is the smallholder economy good?


    This is a difficult question to comment directly on. It''s like most of the children''s world is either good or bad, but in the adult world, it''s hard to say what is black and white, and there are more grays.


    As a time traveler, Fei Qian often thinks about his own identity, what can he bring to Huaxia? Is it fighting, killing, killing, and every time a new territory is laid, reward yourself with a beautiful woman? Or do nothing, and live a lifetime as a mascot?


    War is not everything in the Three Kingdoms. It is the greatest happiness and the most enjoyable thing to regard killing people, robbing things and robbing women. It is the only desire left in the monkey heads of most barbarians. Fei Qian is a modern person of later generations. At the end of the Three Kingdoms, it turned into a monkey instead?


    Therefore, Feiqian has to think more and more profoundly now than in later generations.


    Since people in the Han Dynasty have an advantage in macro perspective, why should they fall into simple killing?


    Fei Qian looked at Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang.


    These two people, known as the talents of the dragon and phoenix in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, are naturally very intelligent, but after all, they lack the precipitation of thousands of years of thought, and they are not as broad and far-reaching as Fei Qian on certain issues. It is not the problem of Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang. It''s not that they are stupid, but the gap in the original information accumulation.


    Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang are like blind men holding lanterns, trying to find the way to the future, while Fei Qian stands on the shoulders of historical giants and sees the outline of history without any effort...


    When Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang were still thinking about farming, Fei Qian had already realized that the current crisis could also be said to be an opportunity.


    The reason why Huaxia chose the farming road is directly related to the natural environment and climatic conditions of Huaxia in ancient times.


    In the era when the tribes lived in ancient times, Huaxia was in a natural environment with a warm and humid climate and more forests and grasslands. This natural environment made it easier to obtain food for gathering labor than hunting, and wild plant seeds such as millet, millet, and rice , has been able to meet certain food needs of the people. Therefore, the Chinese nation had already decided to embark on the road of farming in the early Neolithic Age.


    At the beginning, the concept of farming and mulberry, or the concept of agriculture, was relatively broad, but in the feudal dynasty of China, the scope of farming and mulberry became narrower and narrower. It was criticized as "Kit Kat''s obscene skills", not to mention other matters.


    Paying attention to farming, it was Shang Yang who laid the first stone on the Chinese people.


    Shang Yang clearly put forward the idea of ??promoting agriculture as the foundation of governing the country during the Qin State Reform. "The life of the people is based on length and strength, weight is on weight, and power is on profit." A Mingjun carefully observes the three, then the country can be established, and the people can achieve it... Therefore, the rule of the sage is also mostly forbidden to stop the ability, and the power is used to deceit. If the two are used in preference, the people in the territory will be one. The people are one, then the peasants, the peasants are simple, and the simple live in peace, but the villains come out...』


    Five people...


    Is it cruel? cruel. Is it useful? it works. It is precisely because it is useful, so I have been using it in the future, and I have never thought about innovating. As long as it can be used, what are you doing so hard?


    "The people are simple, the people live in peace and the evil comes out", and later evolved into "the king governs the people, the man governs the land, the earth produces valleys, and the valleys are safe". Among these four relationships, as long as the people are engaged in farming, they can get grain, and then the country will be safe and prosperous. This kind of understanding also reflects the essence of the ruler''s "agriculture-oriented" thought, and it is also the foundation of the long-lasting "small peasant economy" thought.


    That’s right, the key point is the idea of ??small peasant economy.


    As a result, the ruler gradually shifted from "emphasizing the people" to "emphasizing the land".


    『Thus, the local tyrants compete for the land, and neglect the people...』 Fei Qian said slowly, "Because of the accumulation of goods and wealth in the world, there are always worries about water, fire and thieves. The rarest things are especially easy to attract disasters. People in the grass and fields have an accumulation of ten gold, so they can''t sit back and relax. Unique property, no worries about fire and water, no worries about thieves. 』


    『Although there are violent people, they cannot compete for size; although they have great strength, they cannot be held back. Tens of millions of hectares can be worth tens of thousands of gold, and it doesn''t take one person to guard them. That is to say, there are soldiers who are in disorder, leave their homes and go to the countryside, and return when things are settled, and the houses and animals gather together, and there is nothing to ask. In this single piece of land, those with the surname Zhang still belong to Zhang, and those with the surname Li still belong to Li, and it is still a well-off family after being reclaimed by Yingying...』


    So with this kind of thinking, can the people on this piece of "soil" still be valued?


    It’s okay when people die, as long as the fields are still there, it becomes a habit to stand still.


    "At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms was regarded as a dispute between prefectures and states, but it was actually the harm of ceding land and self-appointment..." Fei Qian looked at the two, and said slowly, "In the Seven Kingdoms, taxes belong to the local governments, and salt and iron coins All come from themselves, and they are called vassal states. How is it different from other states? 』


    "In today''s situation, people from all over the world are building large fortresses. They seem to be self-defense, but in fact they accept tenants and coerce peasants. All their products and products belong to them. Salt, iron and weapons are not asked for by others. If there is a good opportunity, It is to invade other places and plunder places. How is this different from the chaos in the Spring and Autumn Period? 』


    After Fei Qian finished speaking, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang were silent.


    During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the small-scale peasant economy was adapted to the needs of the times. The Qin State, which vigorously promoted the small-scale peasant economy, was consolidated by the people, and every time the Qin Dynasty laid down a piece of land, it expanded its strength. After all, both the Zhao State and the Qi State were in the territory of China, and they all had a lot of farmland. Tian, ??a country suitable for farming, even Chu State, has a large land of fish and rice. Therefore, during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, there was nothing wrong with the small peasant economy, and most of them had positive effects.


    However, when the unification of China was basically completed and the Han Dynasty inherited the legacy of the Qin Dynasty, it was suddenly discovered that the land around China was not suitable for farming. So from this moment on, the "small peasant economy" emphasis on agriculture began to slowly develop. It has bound the progress of the Chinese nation...


    There is nothing wrong with the small-scale peasant economy, but there are big problems with the idea of ??the small-scale peasant economy.


    Especially when the "small peasant economy" was linked with the clan and became the only means for the feudal dynasty to maintain its rule, the repeated rise and fall of the Chinese landlord class inevitably occurred.


    The formation of the common surnames of the gentry was actually produced under the combined effect of blood kinship consciousness and long-term regular settlement life. This system was not a bad thing at the beginning, on the contrary, it was also conducive to the survival and development of human beings.


    In the early days, due to the low productivity, within the family of the gentry, the head of the family maintained and coordinated the relationship among the members of the family. The core position of the patriarch within the gentry undoubtedly played a certain role in stabilizing the family, gathering clan members together, and forming a certain degree of common economic interests.


    In other words, in fact, the gentry family name is an expanded "small peasant economy" system. In the Han Dynasty, this expanded small-scale peasant economic system had already shown great disadvantages.


    『Four generations and three princes, the crown family of the world! ’ Fei Qian looked into the distance, his voice was steady, but what he said was like thunder, ‘What do you want for such a clan? Does the court treat him kindly? Are the people disrespectful to him? However, when the world changes suddenly, those who plan and worry have no sense of the community, only the family''s selfish desires! This is the income of the four hundred years of raising scholars in the Han Dynasty? 』


    Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang still couldn''t answer.


    Aren''t the Yuan family all villains, born to poach the corners of big men?


    Obviously not, there are also loyal and direct ministers and capable officials among the Yuan family, but from the perspective of the entire Yuan family, when Yuan''s disciples are everywhere, controlling the Shangshutai, and monopolizing the official path of the Han Ling Emperor, its nature It slowly changed.


    But any monopoly will eventually go to maintain its own monopoly, and then abandon all morality and kindness, even if it looks so hypocritical on the surface.


    In the beginning, among the clans, the gentry and the big surnames gathered together in order to make their own families survive better, but after discovering the benefits of monopoly, in order to cover up the differences between high and low, rich and poor, they did not hesitate to pretend to be sages. , fabricating prophecies, taking meaning out of context, advocating the affiliation of monarchs and ministers, diluting or covering up the original contradictions as much as possible, even at the expense of oppression, betraying loyalty, ignoring the country and the nation, and only seeking to maintain its original monopoly position.


    The concept of family, country and world, and family before country, gradually became an unshakable concept at this time.


    Although the small-scale peasant economy has achieved self-sufficiency in men farming and women weaving to a certain extent, coupled with the clan and gentry system, it has a certain role in resisting the risk of bankruptcy and maintaining the interests of the family, but it essentially binds people to the land. The narrow purpose of production also objectively made the pace of the Chinese nation''s outward expansion have to stop, closing itself in a relatively small space for self-entertainment, and finally being bombarded by others with guns and cannons.


    So, is the smallholder economy good?


    It is good within a certain range and within a certain period of time.


    Is there any defect in the small peasant economy?


    Yes, and not too small.


    So should the smallholder economy be changed, and when will it be changed?


    is the present moment.


    Could it be that a traveler, knowing this kind of disadvantage, still watches the Chinese nation fall again and again in such a pit? Still can''t get out of this circle, can''t escape this kind of confinement?


    Speaking of some idealistic words, God is very partial to China. Every time the arrival of a small ice river in history is the best opportunity to correct the small peasant economy, it’s just that the ruling class of China in history has repeatedly pushed Lost the hand stretched out by the sky...


    Because only in the face of large-scale natural disasters, the small peasant economy is the most vulnerable. It only takes a slight push, and the wheel of China will go in another direction.


    Fei Qian got up, and walked to the front of the hall with his hands behind his back.


    『The period of great cold is also a natural disaster...』


    The treetops in the courtyard are swaggering.


    『Of course, it’s also the right time...』


    The banners in front of the courtyard fluttered.


    『The sky cannot be clear, the earth cannot be peaceful, the gods cannot be spiritual, and the valleys cannot be full...』


    The tri-color flag is waving above the city head.


    『If you are not a bandit, it is not good for a gentleman, from the big to the small. This is the period of going up and down...』


    The strong wind ran wildly on the fields accompanied by the chant of labor.


    『A gentleman overcomes difficulties with thrift and virtue, does not honor his salary, does not lose his way, corrects his position, supports him, saves the people from hardship, and brings peace to the world! 』


    The dark clouds in the distance are churning, and the sky and the earth are changing color!


    In the hall, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang looked at each other and couldn''t help but sighed together. Normally, at this time, Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang should slam their heads on the floor, and then pout their buttocks and shout something like "willing to follow the general''s wings", or "the master is wise and powerful", etc., but at the moment Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang are both Frowning, hesitating.


    The lords of other families panic when there are natural disasters and are busy dealing with them. However, our lord actually thinks about doing things during the natural disasters...


    This is really... what else can I say? It seems that there are only wrong names, not wrong nicknames. The hidden kun, hidden in the abyss, once revealed to the world, wouldn''t it be a roc?


    Feiqian smiled, and signaled Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang to follow him. The three of them turned around the hall, bypassed the corridor, and arrived at the pavilion next to it.


    The snow didn’t continue to fall, but the inexplicable wind picked up after a while, and the sky was gloomy. It was daytime, but it was almost like dusk. The sun didn’t know where to sleep under the clouds, and couldn’t find it.


    In the distance, in the market place, the people coming and going are still busy, the clinking of the caravan camels can also be faintly heard in the wind, and the hotel’s cover is shaking in the wind as if drunk...


    This is all people, everyone is different.


    It’s like Pang Tong is not Zhuge Liang. Both are smart, but they also have their own characteristics.


    It''s just that some people don''t like it, saying that this Pang Tong is not like Pang Tong, and that Zhuge is not Zhuge. These people only like what they like. After all, this world will never lack that kind of self-centered person. It seems that only this kind of person says yes is good. What he sees with his eyes is real, and everything is false when he closes his eyes. .


    It’s like since it’s the Three Kingdoms, it’s natural that there will be a lot of stars, and everyone will be on stage. If you only want to watch one person’s performance, you can search for something like "I became the second son of Liu", or something like "I licked in the Dong Mansion". Diao Chan" and so on.


    These people don’t want to let a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, they just want to make everything into one format, and if they see a difference in the format they like, they will stand on a high place and shout loudly to show their wisdom…


    It''s like those who desperately maintain the small peasant economy.


    Why did the ruling class of the feudal dynasty like the small peasant economy?


    Because it is easy to manage.


    Uniform cosplay... er, the standardized society is their favorite style.


    The people are diverse, how to manage? It seems very troublesome. Then take the square frame and click it up, and this group of people will be in the same shape. Just leave some things for them to eat and drink, and keep the extra stuff for them. Anyway, the people’s pockets The fewer things there are, the less people will think about other things.


    And the highest rulers in the feudal dynasty are all fools? Not quite.


    I also understand a little bit.


    For these smarter emperors, what are the common people? food and clothing parents. Is there any difference between having them and not having them? A king is not a king. Are the common people important? Very important! So what to do?


    Maintain stability! Stability is the root of everything. The smallholder economy is very stable.


    Is it the ideal state? The emperor wanted to let the common people just have enough to eat, and the rest was brought to the palace, and stored in the government first, and waited for a bad year or a famine, in case other countries attacked.


    But in reality, the emperor saw so many things in the warehouse, so he thought that this is not the way, so let''s use a little to repair the palace, and then build a few palaces, put some beauties in it, the palace before his death was so big After death, how can I say that I want a bigger mausoleum?


    Accidentally consumed the storage.


    Then what should we do if the enemy attacks in a disaster? We can only increase taxes, and also issue military service, let ordinary people work for free, and contribute food to tide over the difficulties, but we must be steady!


    What should I do if I feel unstable? Ah, I''m afraid when I think of the death of Qin II...


    Therefore, the best way is to combine small-scale peasant economy with obscurity policy, double-pronged restraint of commercialism and household registration management, and then you will find that China has been feudal for thousands of years, and it has always been unable to get rid of the thinking of small-scale peasant economy. It was originally used to imprison The shackles of the common people are finally set on their own feet.


    If Fei Qian wants to change all this, he will naturally need to pay a price.


    『Both of you…』 Fei Qian pointed to the distance, 『What did you see? 』


    Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang watched, "Shifang? My lord''s intention is...」


    "In the market, some people are good at wine, some are good at cooking, there are merchants, there are craftsmen, each has its own strengths..." Fei Qian pointed and said, "If you want to let these people, everyone will be able to plow the land, and some people will be good at cooking. Can weave cloth, brew wine, and make utensils...Is it possible? 』


    『This... This is naturally inappropriate. ’ Zhuge Liang said.


    『The one who is superior should make the best use of his talents...』 Fei Qian pointed to the market place in the distance. This is true for people in the world, and it is also true for big families of noble families everywhere! 』


    『China is thousands of miles away, how can it be the same everywhere? Those who face mountains have trees, and those who face water have fish. Each has its own production, and each has its own strengths, just as I make gold-painted fans, and you make pearl brocades, and exchange fans for brocades, and each has great beauty. Fei Qian chuckled, "However, the big families of the gentry build fortresses to secure their manors. They don''t seek beauty, but fear that there will be nothing. They make rough imitations and don''t think about making progress... It''s fine if it''s an ordinary year, but it''s the current time. , is duplication of construction, a lot of waste! If it is of no benefit to the country, what is the benefit to China? ! Thinking about it from this point, how much did it take for the great Han to spend more than four hundred years? If all these properties are used for the country, what will happen? ! 』


    『My lord’s words are very true...』Pang Tong sighed, "If the weather is sunny and sunny, the branches will naturally be lush and difficult to distinguish. If the sky is cold and the ground is freezing, we can only discard the rough and extract the essence, eliminate the false and keep the true...』


    『It’s more important to distinguish between places, and to eliminate the worries of the Seven Kingdoms...』Zhuge Liang also nodded slowly, and said with a sparkle in his eyes, "The general really has far-sightedness, and Liang admires it..."


    There are different specialties in various parts of China. In many cases, it is impossible to say that you want all of them. It is like a place that obviously does not produce copper and iron. What do you want to do if you have to buy copper and iron to build a smelting place? Isn''t it okay to buy farm tools and weapons from the central court? Must make it yourself?


    『However, if this is the case, I’m afraid it will be…』 Pang Tong glanced at Fei Qian, and cupped his hands and said, 『It’s taxation this autumn…』


    『If in the Guanzhong Sanfu land, the gentry families fail to harvest, how much will be lost? ’ Fei Qian asked.


    Pang Tong obviously had calculated it long ago, and said without a pause: "In the worst case, this year''s tax payment may only be 40%..."


    『Forty percent...』 Fei Qian sighed.


    Forty percent, do it too! As the saying goes, if you can''t break, you can''t stand! If this is not the case, how can these gentry be forced to change their minds? It''s just that in this way, the pressure on Fei Qian is even greater.


    Fei Qian turned around, "A gentleman should do something and not do something." Even if you are struggling, do it! You two don''t need to worry too much, there is a good thing here, which may temporarily relieve the predicament...』


    (end of this chapter)