Chapter 2041 The position of admonishing officer, Zhongzheng Pinghe


    Basically speaking, what are the three strategies of top, middle and bottom? In fact, the "middle strategy" is relatively feasible. Most of the top strategies are theoretical and extremely idealized, and the bottom strategies are generally too slow and passive. The middle strategy is to make up the number, and Zheng Xuan''s so-called three gains and three losses are also the same. In fact, it seems to be paving the way for the final "one loss", and the main purpose is mostly to point out the last point.


    Admonition officer, this official position, some people say that it began with Qi Huangong''s "Great Admonition" and Bao Shuya appointed him. However, some people mentioned the history of the admonisher to the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, saying that this certain "bao" was actually the original admonisher, so the Dabao of Xingzhou, or Zhao Gongshi, who was called the Taibao, should be the beginning of the admonisher.


    But in fact, before the Spring and Autumn Period, most of the admonition officials were ministers concurrently, and they were not independent. For the persuasion of princes and kings, it seems that everyone can give advice, from the ministers to the common people, and there are many beautiful stories. down...


    Of course, it is still Confucian writing.


    『Admonition』 mainly refers to enlightening others with honest words. The "admonishment" of admonishing officials was not prepared for ordinary officials at first, but it was against the monarch from beginning to end, "admonishing the gains and losses of the government". "Ting Zheng" and "Shang Feng Shi" are the two main forms in which admonishing officials will criticize and advise the emperor.


    In the Qin Dynasty, "Admonition Doctor" was set up, which belonged to Lang Zhongling, and it was used in the Han Dynasty, but it belonged to Guang Luxun. In addition, the so-called Doctor Guanglu, Yilang, etc., as well as court officials with the titles of Servant Zhong, Sanqi, and Zhongchang Servant, can actually give advice.


    The main duty of an admonisher is to face the monarch. Although they can point out the shortcomings and mistakes of the monarch to a certain extent, and discuss government affairs, this position has been under the leadership of the prime minister since the Han Dynasty. One of the important means by which power restricts the power of the monarch. For this, as a monarch, he is naturally dissatisfied. After all, no one likes to be alone in his ear full-time, from the beginning to the end of the year, year after year...


    So starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the admonition officials were gradually split up, and the functions of the admonition officials were divided. The original admonisher was transformed into an advisor to the monarch, and the one who was in charge of discussing politics gradually became a tool for restricting power.


    Admonishing officials satirized the king, and the censor supervised all officials. However, after the Song Dynasty, the two merged and were called "Taiwan Admonishment". and pass on to future generations. The centralized monarchy system of the Chinese feudal dynasty gradually took shape and improved after the merger of Taiwan and Taiwan.


    Of course, all dynasties and dynasties will say that when officials reach a certain level, they can write a letter to accuse the monarch of their faults, and even set up various copper boxes to accept anonymous seals, but in fact it does not last long, and there are many. disadvantages.


    Today Zheng Xuan deliberately brought it up, implying that the current Xijing Shangshutai is actually a small imperial court, and since Feiqian has recruited talents widely, he has also set up a lot of institutions. From the military and political aspects, they can be regarded as relatively rigorous and peaceful. It is perfect, but why not set up admonishing officials? In the imperial court, admonishing officials are set up to satirize the king, but in Xijing Shangshutai, the Hussar General has the power alone, and no one can restrain him. If there is no admonishing officer, he can point out the mistakes and omissions in the administration process at any time, and he will not be afraid of making mistakes. something?


    Hehe, I will do something wrong?


    This was naturally the first thought that popped up in Fei Qian''s mind, but looking at Zheng Xuan, Fei Qian realized that when he had this thought, he was actually not far from doing something wrong.


    Admonisher, it is true that Fei Qian did not consider it before. Nowadays, there is a senate, a Zhiyin supervisor, one in charge of legislation, one in charge of records, and then the system of directors in charge of Pang Tong, which is generally aimed at all officials. For Fei Qian himself, it is true that No one.


    Of course, on the whole, Fei Qian is still relatively open-minded now. When making major decisions, he often convenes Pang Tong, Xun You and others to discuss, and finally decides, so it seems that there is no need to set up a special admonition officer. I don''t like to be watched by people all day long, picking mistakes at any time...


    Therefore, the establishment of admonishing officials never went into Fei Qian''s head at all. Hearing Zheng Xuan''s words, Fei Qian couldn''t help frowning, "Xijing is only a platform, and the Son of Heaven is located in Xu County, so why set up an admonition officer here?" 』


    "People can not escape from doing wrong? Zheng Xuan looked at Fei Qian, and said slowly, "Admonishing officials is not for the use of the master... People in high positions who have made mistakes and have nothing to admonish will definitely close their eyes and listen, and even act arbitrarily, which will damage the affairs of the country." . Counties and counties have prime ministers, prefectures have their own chariots, and the Xingtai of Xijing is dominated by generals of hussars. If we cannot set up admonishing officers, listen to admonitions, and advise on good ways, we will not be far behind. 』


    『Hmmm…』 Fei Qian glanced at Old Man Zheng, you mean to listen to you without closing your eyes and plugging your ears? .


    According to the rules of admonishers, it is generally regarded as "the speaker is not guilty". Even if you point the nose at the monarch and scold you, as long as you discuss the matter and don''t deliberately insult the monarch, the monarch can pretend that he doesn''t hear it, or he doesn''t do it after hearing it, but he can''t. Therefore, he was punished by the admonisher.


    Although other officials also have the authority to remonstrate with the monarch, if they choose to keep silent, others cannot force them to write a letter of remonstrance, but only the admonisher can''t. Therefore, the original intention of the establishment of admonishing officials is to form an atmosphere so that the monarch is used to listening to his subordinates, and the courtiers are also used to expressing their opinions.


    This system, like most systems, started out with good intentions.


    According to what Zheng Xuan said, no one is immune to mistakes, so even if you are a Hussar General, you are doing very well now, but can you guarantee that you will not make any mistakes in the future? Only when people make mistakes can be pointed out immediately and then corrected, can the entire Xijing Xingtai tend to be good and righteous.


    Zheng Xuan meant to compare Feiqian with the system of prefectures, counties and prefectures, but in fact it can be viewed in reverse.


    As the highest leader of Xijing, Fei Qian, has admonishers who specifically offer advice, so can local counties and counties at all levels act arbitrarily?


    On the other hand, although Zheng Xuan didn''t say it explicitly, he also implicitly said that you Huqi also know that there is no "owner" here? So what laws and regulations did Xu County come up with, Hussars, do you obey or not? Just like the previous incidents, you, Fei Qian, suffered the loss of not having an admonisher. Otherwise, if there is some demon moth order in Xu County, once the admonisher comes forward, you will naturally be able to push the boat along and return the favor. Fame is safe...


    As a result, when the amnesty came, Fei Qian could only procrastinate, and then the exam came, and Fei Qian could only procrastinate. He could procrastinate once, but it was difficult to procrastinate three and four. He would procrastinate every day, although procrastination is also a kind of Huaxia. King way, but it''s not a problem if it drags on for a long time.


    Even using the admonisher well, you can turn it around and add some embarrassment to those people in Xu County...


    It’s just that, in the same way, no matter what it is, it has two sides.


    Setting up a special admonisher, of course, has some advantages, but Fei Qian also has to pay a certain price. For example, before Zheng Xuan raised the issue of business and female officials, and then wrote a letter every day to ignore business and dismiss female officials. Attacking in public opinion, isn''t that making yourself uncomfortable?


    Fei Qian pinched the beard on his chin, and began to weigh the pros and cons. It is impossible for anything to be completely free from disadvantages, the main issue is how to choose between advantages and disadvantages.


    ...


    On the whole, many of Feiqian''s ideas and systems have passed the test of history, and it can be determined that they are relatively advanced for the big man, but it does not mean that with these advanced systems, there will be curative effects , because if the local officials who implement it are not sincerely obedient, then there must be too many means to turn the original good policy into a poisonous policy that disturbs the people, or even ruins the reputation of the country''s court!


    Orders and regulations are issued from above, and local officials don’t know anything, so if you have a problem, go to the superior...


    Anyway, we should seize the loopholes that ordinary people cannot fully comprehend and understand the government orders of the court, and only do what is beneficial to ourselves, and put on a grievance, and wait until the people are forced to come up with real regulations and laws and poke them in front of them. It was as if he had suddenly realized something, and he let out a sound of ah, indicating that there was some deviation in understanding.


    I don’t even think about it, how sad it is when an ordinary person who is not a law enforcement officer is persecuted to understand the law better than a dedicated law enforcement official?


    Well, since Fei Qian has decided to embark on a new road of being a great man, he is also determined to overcome difficulties, and he is willing to listen to opinions from all sides. For the sake of collective unity and not being proud of causing mistakes, then the establishment of admonishing officials, Why not?


    This is the initiative to use the system to restrain one''s own power, which will definitely cause a lot of trouble, but at the same time, the perfection of the system also means that more possible mistakes can be killed in the bud, which may not be a problem. bad thing.


    What''s more, in order to be able to more effectively supervise the issue of local governance, even if it is more troublesome for yourself, what is unacceptable?


    Comparatively speaking, local powers need and should set up a relevant job supervision system.


    The official supervision system before Feiqian focused more on the aftermath, while the admonishment system focused more on the before and during the event. This is undoubtedly a great improvement and supplement for Feiqian''s future governance.


    Previously, one was the scarcity of talents, and the other was for administrative convenience. Under the hussars, he was in charge of civil and military affairs. Although he was in charge of supervision, he mainly dealt with individual officials, rather than supervising the operation of the entire policy. In terms of finance, Pang Tong mainly focused on the military. It would be difficult for them to add supervision of local counties and counties.


    The Senate is a place where Fei Qian uses all kinds of sand. Naturally, it is impossible to give too much authority. It has a high reputation, but it does not give real power. Zhiyinyuan is paving the way for female officials, and has just started on the road, so the burden should not be too heavy, otherwise it will easily slip to the waist...


    So, it is actually not bad to come from the line of Guang Luxun''s establishment of admonishing doctors alone.


    Therefore, Fei Qian looked at Zheng Xuan, and said word by word: "What Zheng Gong said is indeed reasonable. However, the position of an admonishing official is difficult for non-respectful people. If it is in the hands of Xiaoxiao, who uses the name of the people to carry out selfish desires, and uses the mouth of the people to seek personal gain, it will be a hundred harms. Therefore, if this position is set up, no one who is not public cannot be appointed. May Zheng Gong be willing to work on the papers and speak out for the people? 』


    Zheng Xuan was taken aback.


    Zheng Xuan also made a lot of psychological preparations for his visit this time.


    The great Confucians of the Han Dynasty were, after all, somewhat different from those of the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Many of the Confucian children of the Wei and Jin gentry fell into a state of drunkenness, drunkenness, singing and unrestrained, and even took Wushi Sanjindan to numb themselves. With a sincere heart.


    Zheng Xuan is willing to come to Fei Qian. On the one hand, Zheng Xuan has indeed re-recognized some things in the Great Theory of Qinglong Temple, not only about the scriptures between the ancient text and the modern text, but also about Fei Qian. For a more direct understanding.


    When Yuan Shao called Zheng Xuan to take up an official position, Zheng Xuan rejected it, because Zheng Xuan felt that Yuan Shao was no different from many other big Han officials.


    However, here at Hushi, Zheng Xuan saw many policy adjustments made by Hushi General Fei Qian for the common people, and these policies were things that Zheng Xuan felt were wrong before but couldn''t tell.


    In contrast, Zheng Xuan is more willing to believe in Fei Qian, and more willing to make some efforts to change the bad habits he has seen over the years...


    However, Zheng Xuan also understands that the position of admonisher may not be liked by everyone, and it is not easy to take it.


    So when Fei Qian didn''t shirk or even argue, and just agreed with Zheng Xuan''s own suggestion so easily, Zheng Xuan was still holding back his energy, and was going to continue persuading for a long time before it might bear fruit.


    After all, I had an argument with Fei Qian about business matters...


    As a result, Zheng Xuan was prepared to speak up many times, even to remonstrate bitterly, and then he seemed to use all his strength and then punched nothing, somewhat out of breath.


    After a while, Zheng Xuancai recovered from his stupefaction and smiled slightly.


    『General Hussars, you really follow the good advice...』Zheng Xuan sighed, "If General Hussars doesn''t think he is mysterious and humble, and pretends to be a remonstrance, he will naturally know everything. 』


    Feiqian smiled, "Dr. Zheng is slow to promise... If Mr. Zheng speaks, but this one doesn''t listen, what should I do?" 』


    Zheng Xuan was taken aback for another moment, stroked his beard, and paused every word, "You should remonstrate again. 』


    『And Zheng Gong remonstrates again, or three times, and one refuses to obey, so what? ’ Fei Qian continued to ask.


    Zheng Xuan couldn''t help but heaved a long sigh, then rolled his eyelids, and said in a deep voice: "It''s up to the hussars to listen or not to listen, and it''s up to the admonisher whether to speak or not." 』


    Fei Qian laughed loudly, "Someone thought that Mr. Zheng would say, "You can''t do the right thing, let''s float in the sea on a canopy." That''s true..."


    Zheng Xuan said seriously: "If you don''t listen to what you say, you may not follow the way. If you listen to what you say, you may not be able to understand the way." What the admonisher said, the owner must listen, and it may not be without the suspicion of using the minister to coerce the emperor. If you don''t accept it because of remonstrance, you will hang up the crown and leave. It may not be unreasonable to invite fame. If the hussars make mistakes, they should firmly advise them, but they will not refuse to listen to certain words, and there will be grievances between each other...』


    Fei Qian stood up and bowed to Zheng Xuan, "Duke Zheng really bears the word "Zhongzheng Peace", and he is worshiped by a certain person..."


    Zheng Xuan hurriedly stood up to return the salute.


    Zheng Xuan is so sensible, he should also pay homage to Fei Qian.


    After all, an admonisher is not the same as a keyboard warrior, nor is he a pure troll. The admonition officer needs to provide well-founded feedback. It’s not about playing to find faults. If you don’t listen to the admonition, you will bump into the pillar at every turn, or you will resign and leave the picker. I don’t even think about it. Does it have the effect of remonstrance? Is it really admonishing for the sake of things, or just admonishing for the sake of admonishing?


    It''s like the disaster of the party before, isn''t there any responsibility for those clean-mouthed guns? Every day I criticize this and criticize that, if I really want to come up with any practical solution, I just stare and open my mouth, let Lao Tzu come up with ideas, what do I need those officials to do?


    In the later Ming Dynasty, there were also many speech officials. Although the original intention was good, the direction was crooked. These speech officers are not full-time admonishers, and as a result, many of them speak out purely for the sake of reputation, checking everything carefully, and making mistakes by grabbing hairs is as big as the sky. In the end, no one did anything, and all the officials had cultivated their national kung fu, and part of the reason was that they did more and made more mistakes.


    If the admonishers are all such bar-fine complex keyboard warriors alive, then it is really not worth mentioning.


    So Fei Qian said to Zheng Xuan: "Three days later, a certain person will be entrusted with the post of admonishment by Zheng Gong, and I hope you will not bear it." If what you said today is three mistakes...let''s admonish the business first...'' How well the words are said depends on the specific actions.


    Zheng Xuan was stunned again, then nodded slowly.


    This matter is basically settled.


    Although it still needs to go through a process, after being canonized by the Xijing Shangshutai, it will be sent to Xu County for a record, but basically Xu County can only say one thing, and it is impossible to make any refutation of Fei Qian''s decision .


    Zheng Xuan got up again, paid homage to Fei Qian, and then changed his name to Fei Qian as a lord, and called himself a minister.


    This kind of etiquette for determining the affiliation of superiors and subordinates, especially between an official and his subordinates, basically follows the Qin and Han style, that is, the mutual relationship is equivalent to that of a monarch and his ministers. Then this custom continued until the Wei and Jin Dynasties. After the Wuhu Chaohua, the habit of referring to the chief official as a "subject" instead of the emperor gradually disappeared.


    Pang Tong came here at the same time. Hearing about this, he couldn''t help congratulating Zheng Xuan with a smile. The three monarchs and ministers sat down again and chatted a few gossips. Zheng Xuan understood that Pang Tong must have important military affairs when he came, so he didn''t stay any longer, and left after finding an excuse...


    Pang Tong watched Zheng Xuan leave, then turned around and raised his eyebrows at Fei Qian.


    Fei Qian smiled, stretched out his hand and pressed on the table.


    As soon as the two people made eye contact, each understood what the other meant...


    Pang Tong chuckled, "I''m afraid it wasn''t Mr. Shui Jing who heard about it, so I knew it earlier..."


    Fei Qian also smiled, but shook his head and didn''t say anything. The same great Confucianism also has the act of inviting names, but most of Sima is for the Sima family, Zheng Xuan, his son was promoted by Kong Rong, the Prime Minister of Beihai, as Xiaolian, and then Kong Rong was besieged by the Yellow Turban Army, and Zheng Xuan''s son died in distress. Then Kong Rong ran away...


    It''s not like Zheng Xuan couldn''t feel the pain of hurting his son, but did Zheng Xuan stab Kong''s villain every day? Do you want to spray Kong when you find a chance? Even angered at Confucius and tampered with his scriptures? So when Zheng Xuan came, Fei Qian was willing to give the admonisher to Zheng Xuan, but when Sima Hui came, Fei Qian didn''t dare to stain the admonisher with fur to become Mr. Shui Jing, a fox.


    Fei Qian asked: "But what happened to the military situation?" 』


    Pang Tong took out a letter from his sleeve, and said: "Cao Jun''s soldiers and horses, there has been no change for the time being... But this is the matter... The price of iron in Jizhou has soared this year, and now it has doubled!" 』


    (end of this chapter)