Chapter 2432 The difference between commercial and military use


    If the "Gods" of later generations look at the battles in various wars, they can always find something to point out, such as why a certain side doesn''t know how to do it, or what is wrong with that side, or even They will also shout loudly, saying that repeating and repeating are not the same means, but they don''t even understand the "basics"?


    As long as the keyboard is in hand, why be afraid of the heroes of the world?


    It''s a pity that keyboard warriors will never understand what war is.


    Fei Qian does not dare to say that he understands war. He can only say that he somewhat understands that war is not the whole content of the world.


    Fei Qian did not receive the battle report in Liaodong in time. Even if he knew that after the death of Gongsun Du, two or three sons were still fighting with each other to inherit his "inheritance", completely ignoring that foreign enemies had already touched the door, maybe they would With a sigh, the only lesson humans learn from history is that humans cannot learn any lessons from history.


    It''s like after Yuan Shao''s death, several sons are fighting.


    Actually, Fei Qian didn’t know very well. The sentence he remembered was actually a part of the “private goods” that had been distorted…


    If the old Mr. Hegel knew about it, he might not be able to resist lifting the coffin board.


    In translated literature, if the buttocks are a little crooked, such problems are likely to occur. It is the same as the previous "Snowflake". This sentence is said by Hegel, but what he means is by no means decadent and helpless. Instead, it means "advancing with the times", because the old history cannot solve new problems, just like "the same river".


    So what Hegel really wants to say is that, just as it is impossible for a person to step into the same river twice, the people and the country, note that it is not human beings, it is the people and the country that encounter a new and unique situation every time. , so it is impossible to stick to dogma, let alone copy historical experience.


    Why did later generations take this sentence out of context? And who are the people who changed the original people and country into human beings, and spared no effort to spread this sentence? What do these people want to do?


    It’s actually very simple, anyone who understands it...


    It’s like Fei Qian is facing Wei Yan now, and Wei Yan has been described in history as rebellious, rebellious and difficult to control, so should Fei Qian take some precautions against Wei Yan?


    First of all, it is certain that Wei Yan is not stupid.


    If Wei Yan had a problem with IQ, it would be impossible for him to serve as the prefect of Hanzhong for so many years in history, become a barrier to the north of Shu, and participate in the Northern Expedition several times. Then why did such a person become a foolish image in history?


    What are the real facts?


    So relying on copying historical examples to deal with matters, thinking that after reading the Spring and Autumn Period a few times, you have mastered the governance of the country, or remembering the names of Thirty-Six Strategies and feel that you understand the strategy, I am afraid that there will be big problems...


    Wei Yan may not be the Wei Yan in history, or the Wei Yan recorded in history books. Fei Qian has already had some experience in this regard.


    Therefore, not only did Fei Qian not deliberately pick on Wei Yan, but on the contrary, when he learned that Wei Yan was coming, he took some officials to greet him outside the city. Wei Yan hadn''t seen Fei Qian for many years since he was in Sichuan and Shu last time. After meeting Feiqian in person, he couldn''t control his emotions, tears welled up in his eyes...


    Eating and drinking at the Windward Banquet, and recuperating for a few more days, when Wei Yan arrived at Huqi Mansion again, he was not in the main hall, but Fei Qian let him into the side courtyard...


    Wei Yan was a little surprised, but also more moved. Because in the concept of the people of the Han Dynasty, if it is the main hall, then it is a formal place to discuss business affairs, and in this side hall of Hushi Mansion, it means that Wei Yan is not regarded as an outsider. For Wei Yan, At least it represents an honor.


    In history, Wei Yan hated Yang Yi. On the one hand, Wei Yan had his own reasons, and on the other hand, there may be some hidden means. After all, the communication itself in the Han Dynasty was not developed in history, and one was in Hanzhong for a long time, and the other was mostly located in Chengdu. Don''t you think it''s a strange thing that two people say something bad about each other, and they can be delivered to each other''s ears "timely" and "accurately"?


    At present, Wei Yan has no such "opponent", and there are more generals above Wei Yan. To a certain extent, Wei Yan is only a junior. In the Hussar Army, those who are recognized by soldiers are more respected than Wei Yan, and there are many more dignified generals, such as Xu Huang who is beside Fei Qian, is one of them.


    For a general, especially Xu Huang and Wei Yan, as the commander-in-chief of an army, the test is not only about personal martial arts. Perhaps Wei Yan''s one-on-one fights are not weaker than those of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, but if we look at it as a whole, Wei Yan''s partiality is actually quite obvious.


    Especially during the grand strategy, Wei Yan''s short board became more and more obvious.


    In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it doesn’t seem to show it. Maybe Mr. Luo wanted to show that Zhuge Liang counted five hundred years before and five hundred years after his death. Therefore, most of the time before, Wei Yan belonged to the Wuyong feigning defeat group, and he would not fight well at all times.


    But in real historical battles, not only bravery is tested.


    The main highlight of Wei Yan is the post-prefect of Hanzhong.


    During the Battle of Hanzhong, Wei Yan was not yet ranked. After all, before him, there were Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, Huang Zhong and others...


    So whether it is Wei Yan in history or in the present, his qualifications are still somewhat weak.


    But Xu Huang is different.


    Historically, Xu Huang himself was a commander-in-chief general. It can be said that under Cao Cao’s account, Xu Huang’s record was second only to Xu Xuan’s, and his gold content was very high. He participated in most of the battles under Cao Cao.


    And now, it is the same. Xu Huang has more experience in battle formations and commanding soldiers, and has also commanded several battles, tens of thousands of horses, and his personal force is no worse than Wei Yan. Naturally, Wei Yan can''t blow his hair in front of Xu Huang. When meeting Xu Huang, he was also respectful and courteous.


    Fei Qian said to Xu Huang: "This time the two generals are gathered here mainly for the transfer of Sichuan and Sichuan defense. Wen Chang lived in Sichuan and Shu for many years, and he knows the local conditions well, and he is good at fighting in the mountains and forests, so he has quite a lot of experience...Gong Ming, if there is anything unclear, you should ask directly...Wen Chang also needs to know everything and talk endlessly ...''


    Wei Yan felt that his face was bright, so he naturally responded loudly.


    Feiqian nodded, and said to Wei Yan: "Gongming is good at running the army, and also has the ability to plan and plan. The three auxiliary military fortresses in Guanzhong are all in the hands of Gongming. You may wish to ask for advice, and you will definitely gain something..."


    Wei Yan bowed his hands to Xu Huang again, showing no rebellious look at all.


    Xu Huang humbly said to learn from each other...


    Fei Qian nodded slightly.


    Maybe it’s one thing to be in front of people, and another to be behind people’s backs, but even so, it doesn’t matter. After all, at present, some military changes have already quietly occurred.


    Fei Qian took Xu Huang and Wei Yan to a room connected to the side hall. Inside these rooms were large sand tables built according to the map, the topography of Guanzhong Sanfu, Beidi Yinshan, Sichuan Shu Hanzhong, Longxi Longyou Both.


    Fei Qian asked people to put the sand table of Guanzhong Sanfu and the sand table representing Sichuan and Shu together, and put them side by side in front of them, and then pointed to the white line representing the road in the sand table, and the red military fortress arranged around the white line Said: "This is Guanzhong, Sichuan and Sichuan, the military layout and road overview... Can you two see anything?" 』


    The sand table representing Guanzhong has a lot of white threads interwoven into a web. The red army village is like a spider in the web, waiting for the prey to come to the door. In the sand table in Sichuan and Sichuan, they are almost acquainted, but The obvious red military villages are relatively close to Chengdu, and there are relatively few in the east and south of the Sichuan-Shu Basin.


    Xu Huang and Wei Yan didn''t understand what Fei Qian meant for a while, so they didn''t speak immediately.


    Fei Qian pointed to the white roads in Guanzhong like a network and said: "The roads in Guanzhong were originally commercial roads...the meaning of commercial roads is to focus on business, and the disadvantages of commercial roads...do you know?" 』


    『The disadvantages of business? 』


    Both Xu Huang and Wei Yan couldn''t help repeating it softly or silently. To be honest, they never thought about it.


    When Fiqian established the entire commercial economy, because there was no extra money to build roads, many of the original roads were opened up by the caravans themselves.


    Businessmen, in pursuit of profit, can take risks and disregard the law, let alone build a road for making money.


    As far as the legend goes, when Huangdi Yandi and Yao Shunyu were the tribal leaders, the transportation on the land of China had already improved significantly. By the second thousand years BC, China had already appeared to provide ox carts. and wide roads for horse-drawn carriages.


    Of course, this breadth is relative.


    By the time of the Shang Dynasty, the so-called merchants themselves were "merchants", and these merchants had records of building and maintaining roads in order to sell goods. The ancestors of Shangtang served cattle and rode horses, conducted long-distance business, and lit up wheeled vehicles. Such scientific and technological points have revealed the history of using animal power as the driving force for transportation. After the long-term development of the Xia and Shang dynasties, by the Western Zhou Dynasty, it can be said that the road of Huaxia has begun to take shape.


    During the Zhou Dynasty, a special wide and flat road called "Zhou Dao" was opened between the two capitals, and then centered on the two capitals, it spread to all directions and built radial roads of different levels. It has become the most basic road system in China.


    Not to mention the Qin Dynasty, Chidao, the earliest "national road" in China, whether it is strategic thinking or the actual length of the road, simply surpassed all countries in the world at the same time.


    And the Han Dynasty...


    To some extent, the Han Dynasty did not develop road construction projects on the basis of the Qin Dynasty. The only thing that can be commended is the opening of the land Silk Road. The reason for this is that, on the one hand, in the early Han Dynasty, a lot of waste was waiting for prosperity, and the economy was very poor. On the other hand, the Han Dynasty adopted the model of enfeoffing prefectures and states. In order to collect commercial taxes, dozens or hundreds of checkpoints are set up on one road to collect money. Under such circumstances, how can the road develop better?


    It can be said that apart from the Silk Road, the development of roads in the Han Dynasty was very poor, not as good as that in the Tang Dynasty.


    The next time China opened roads on a large scale, especially in the east and southeast of China, was the Song Dynasty.


    The Song Dynasty was also a time when commerce was highly developed.


    But relying solely on business to open up roads does have certain conveniences, but it also brings certain problems.


    Xu Huang pondered for a while, and basically noticed it. He pointed to some remote areas, "Caravans are all about profit, so... if there is no profit, there is no way to go." 』


    Feiqian nodded, expressing approval.


    This is the biggest problem for merchants to open their way.


    Let’s not talk about those areas that are difficult to pass, such as mountain roads and dangerous beaches, but just talk about the general situation. The comparison between Guanzhong and Sichuan and Shu is very obvious. In Guanzhong, because of the large population and dense townships and counties, the roads extend in all directions. In the Sichuan-Shu Basin, although it is surrounded by four mountains like Guanzhong, it is obvious that there are many more roads in the west of Sichuan than in the east of Sichuan. Except for some geographical reasons, the biggest problem is that Brazil is densely populated and good for business, while Padang is relatively sparse and has few interests, so basically there are no other roads except for a few important official roads.


    Things that businessmen cannot do, naturally they must be considered from the perspective of soldiers.


    Fei Qian walked a few steps forward and came to the sand table in Hanzhong.


    『Guanzhong Hanzhong, now there are several feasible roads, such as Ziwu, Tangluo, Baoxie, Chencang... 』 Fei Qian pointed it out on the sand table, 『Chencang is old, Tangluo Baoxie is gradually opening, Ziwu Road...』


    Fei Qian could not help but glance at Wei Yan.


    Wei Yan thought it was Fei Qianqian asking about the situation of Ziwu Road, so he said: "Ziwu Road is relatively steep, if you climb up with elite soldiers, it''s okay, but if you want to drive vehicles, it will be difficult." 』


    Fei Qian nodded, "Indeed. Therefore, if the current road is used for commercial purposes, it is enough, but if you want to use soldiers, it is not enough. Therefore, it is necessary to open up the road...just to open up the road, the goods used are all expensive...』


    "The way to use troops is to use Jing''an inside, and defend against the enemy outside..." Fei Qian said slowly, "There is also the need for military speed and speed... The land in the middle of Sichuan, Shu and Han is at the center of the north-south communication, and it is also the link between the east and the west. Needs, commercial roads, military roads, warehouses, and military strongholds each have their own uses, so they should be carefully planned...』


    Fei Qian turned his head to look at Xu Huang and Wei Yan, "Now that Hanzhong, Sichuan and Shu have been preliminarily determined, the Qiang people, the Ba people, the Ba people, and the Di people have all suffered serious setbacks. When they are unable to repeat themselves, this is an excellent opportunity..."


    War is only used to break some rules, and it is one of the means that will be used when it cannot be reached under "friendly negotiation", it is not the whole of the means.


    Now, from Guanzhong to Longyou, from Hanzhong to Sichuan and Sichuan, plus the children of the gentry, basically all of them are attracted by the Qinglong Temple Dalun. , are not likely to jump out and mix with Fei Qian for the time being, isn''t it the best period of time?


    If you want to be rich, build roads first.


    This sentence, which is almost familiar in later generations, is not just a slogan. If there is no title of big infrastructure madman, China''s resistance will be weakened by at least three points in the face of natural and man-made disasters!


    『Gongming...』 Fei Qian continued to ask, 『At Tongguan, with the plateau as the boundary, the method of transshipment is divided into upper and lower, inner and outer, what do you think? 』


    Xu Huang nodded and said, "It is indeed a good law." 』


    Tongguan''s difficult terrain is well known. On such a dangerous terrain, whether it is to walk the Wuli Changban or climb the Linzhiyuan, it is a very difficult thing. If there is a single transport queue, it will be difficult for the carriage, horses, people, and various goods. I was delayed for a while, and then stuck on the mountain road of Linzhiyuan on the one-way street, it would be a disaster...


    Basically speaking, it is like a four-lane road, and then it becomes a one-way road at Tongguan. You can imagine how the traffic will be stuck in this place. If instead of adopting the method of internal and external transshipment and using machinery to lift goods, but continue to use the old method, the speed and frequency of transportation will be seriously hindered.


    Once the bottleneck is solved, the circulation can naturally be accelerated.


    The way of thinking determines the direction of technological improvement, and the improvement of technology provides more benefits.


    Fei Qian pointed at the edge of the sand table, where the high uplifts represent the Dao of the mountains, "Can the method of Tongguan be used in Ziwu, Tangluo, Baoxie, Chencang, etc.?" Where it can be used and which is the best place is determined by the two generals through consultation. Later, the public can observe it on the spot, report it to a certain person, and send craftsmen to repair it. 』


    Wei Yan and Xu Huang looked at each other, and then they each started to think.


    For the current traffic in the Han Dynasty, there were indeed problems in some places. One was that commercial roads were basically diffuse roads, which were difficult to build into a network. Another problem is that there are too few transshipment points, or even none at all, and you can only go from beginning to end.


    Because merchants basically take the route of collecting raw materials from the countryside and then returning to sell finished products, so if you look at it as a sand table like Feiqian, it is easy to see that towns and other business centers radiate to the surrounding area. This makes the main passage stuck on the limit along the town, and some of them are only separated by a mountain, but they have to go around in a big circle.


    Because entering the mountains to open up roads is of no benefit to merchants, naturally there is no motivation to build roads, and for the military, the value system is completely different.


    And where does this completely different visual angle from the commercial system come from?


    Of course it can’t be that Fei Qian sat in the government office of Hushi in Guanzhong, and then patted his head to build a road here and dig a ditch there...


    As Wei Yan, he has stayed in and fought in Sichuan, Shu and Han. He is naturally very clear about which roads are important and which points are difficult. Based on his opinions, he will make some main frameworks for road improvement, of course it will be more realistic. At the same time, as Xu Huang, who watched the business develop step by step in Guanzhong, and personally went to Tongguan to supervise the construction of a new city, and has made full use of technology to solve some height differences, or experience in water and land transfer difficulties, will also improve according to his own ideas. Wei Yan''s framework finally established a road that conforms to the current productivity of the Han Dynasty and can promote the development of local and central economies.


    The goods in border areas such as Jiaozhi, snow areas, etc., if it is said to go back and forth, according to Dahan''s current means of transportation, it may not be able to go back and forth in a year, but what if it is divided into stages?


    From Jiaozhi to Sichuan, and then from Sichuan to Hanzhong, Hanzhong to Chang''an, such a long-distance transportation has become a short-to-medium distance, so not only the big man, but also everything in this world will become different …


    (end of this chapter)