Chapter 362 Liang Hu
??The reason why the nomadic people from the Zhou Dynasty, to the Qin Dynasty, to the Han Dynasty, and even to the Tang Dynasty, all had the mentality of coming to the Central Plains to make a fortune and leave is because of poverty.
It was not until the Yuan Dynasty that the nomads had an overall strategic goal for the first time and began military operations to build a country. They were no longer scattered.
But are nomads really poor?
In a sense, if the wealth of the farming people is mainly land, then the "land" of the nomadic people is cattle and sheep.
According to historical records, during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Wei Qing, who was already a general of chariots and cavalry, "...crossed the Xihe River to Gaoque, won the title of 2,300 first captives, harvested all the chariots and livestock products, and was named a prince. He then settled in Henan in the west. On the ground,... attack Pu Ni, break the talisman, kill the light and sharp soldiers, and ambush the listeners at three thousand and seventy-one levels,... drive more than a hundred thousand horses, cattle and sheep, and return with all the armored soldiers, and gain the seal of three thousand households... "
"Moving more than a hundred thousand horses, cattle and sheep" is equivalent to bringing back the "land" of the Xiongnu in one pot, and as a result, the entire Xiongnu suffered heavy losses and became frightened from then on.
But the question is, where did these “lands” end up?
??These cattle, horses and sheep did not have big cows giving birth to calves, but big horses gave birth to ponies, and then they thrived on the land of China. From then on, they increased the development of the animal husbandry of the Chinese nation and brought China to the era of four legs...
On the contrary, it promoted the development of the slaughtering industry. In addition to increasing the fat absorption of a part of the population, it did not improve the proportion of agriculture and animal husbandry in the entire Han Dynasty.
China is an agricultural country, so it is not good at animal husbandry. Therefore, in the scientific and technological line of animal husbandry, only sheep are mentioned, not horses...
The requirements for raising war horses are very high. You cannot breed war horses in captivity. You must have a racing land, which is an entire area with abundant water and grass, so that the horses can live in groups and grow in nature. Only in this way can they truly produce what they need. war horse.
The Chinese nation, on the one hand, does not control the water and grasslands, and on the other hand, they do not control the people who raise them, so their legs and feet are always one section short.
"Poverty is the most terrifying and tragic force," Fei Qian said, focusing on the market outside the camp. "Because of poverty, I have nothing but my own miserable life." They are not afraid of losing things at all, so anything that can be obtained by force is earned by these poor people. Kill one to get enough money, kill two to earn one... Any law, any morality, in this kind of situation In the face of absolute poverty, there is nothing but empty words..."
When any dynasty or political system changes from chaos to rule, the fear is not that there will be too many middle classes, but that there are not enough middle classes...
After hearing this, Ma Yan also turned to look at the busy market, pondered for a while, nodded, and said: "Then this is the envoy''s decree that five baht must be used in transactions, and how much change must be given for each transaction. What’s the reason for Hu Ren’s small fortune?”
"Haha, yes. Most of the Hu people will not take away the five baht money, but will trade as much as possible, so in fact we do not need to invest a large amount of five baht money, but in this way, these people who have come Hu people who have done business here will know what ''money'' is, and they will tell their families and friends..."
In fact, such a small gesture has a more profound meaning. Ma Yan was not able to fully understand it, and Fei Qian did not want to say more. Although on the surface it is nothing more than giving one or two more money, it can make Hu people form money. Consciousness, secondly, it can establish a sense of integrity in the hearts of the Hu people, thirdly...
You must know that the equivalent exchange of commodities has been **** since the day it appeared...
The social structure of the Hu people in the Han Dynasty was very complicated. It was like taking part of each of primitive society, slave society and feudal society, and then integrating them together to form the social structure of the Hu people... most of the Hu people lived in tribes. Within the entire tribe, there is a form of mutual help to a certain extent. In foreign wars, the tribe is also the basic unit. The spoils obtained in the war are also distributed within the tribe. This is very similar to the structure of primitive society. .
However, the leaders and generals of the Hu people are parasitic on the Hu people below them, and they have basically the same status as slave owners. At the same time, most of the people plundered in the Han Dynasty have become the accessory property of the Hu people and become the Hu people. slaves, these characteristics also show that the Hu people''s society also contains some characteristics of the slave society.
At the upper level of the Hu people, a loose enfeoffment system was adopted. The royal court, also known as Shan Yuting, was mostly located in the center of the most abundant water and grass. Then the royal court of Zuoxian, the royal court of Youxian, and the left and right kings were enfeoffed. They were also subordinate to Shan Yuting, but they enjoyed independent military and political power. Under the left and right kings, they were divided into left and right kings of Guli. Under the left and right kings of Guli, there were left and right generals, etc., so the Hu people also had part of the feudal society. factor.
It is also precisely because of this that the complex social structure of the Hu people is very unstable. A slight natural disaster or man-made disaster will cause huge changes, such as the differentiation of the northern and southern Xiongnu, and even the recent murder of the Qiang by the southern Xiongnu. The actions of Qu Lao Chanyu all illustrate this point.
"Only when you have had it before will you be afraid of losing it..." Fei Qian looked at Ma Yan and said, "And what we are doing now is to make these barbarians feel that they have..."
Why did the Hu people lament and cry after losing Yinshan? It was because they had it first and then lost it, so the Hu people were heartbroken and in great pain.
Wealth, or private property, has been continuously promoting the change and development of the entire society since the day primitive society emerged, and money is the materialized form of individual private property.
Ma Yan thought about it again and again, and finally said: "But trading with these barbarians... once these barbarians become strong, won''t they become a disaster?"
Fei Qian held the spear and shook it. He found that although he could shake out a gun flower, it was not very shapely. He could not compare with Ma Yan who could shake out a round and beautiful gun flower at will.
“So the weapon must be held in your hand…”
Fei Qian looked at the iron-making furnace that was being built inside the camp, and then at the soldiers who were training outside the camp, and said: "The iron tools collected from Luoyang will be re-melted and cast into armor blades, and these The armor and blades will be used on our soldiers, these are the swords and shields in our hands! So, don’t worry about whether the barbarians will be strong, just focus on whether we ourselves are strong enough..."
Fei Qian looked at Ma Yan and said: "Brother Chengyuan, not only the dead barbarians are good barbarians, but the obedient barbarians are also good citizens, um... good barbarians!"
The Military Book of the Ming Dynasty, "Jiuji": "Bian Zhuangzi''s fighting technique, Wang Ju''s rising and falling technique, Liu Xianzhu (Liu Bei)''s Gu Ying technique, King Ma Ming''s lightning technique, Ma Chao''s technique, the swords of the five families are handed down."
What does it mean?
There are five families with great swordsmanship, and Liu Bei and Uncle Liu are one of them!
Wang Yue expressed that it is none of my business...
(End of this chapter)